Files
alknet/docs/architecture/questions/065-websocket-carrying-channels.md
T
glm-5.2 a3cb44968e docs(adr): 093 — channels pure channel multiplexing (8-byte header, no stream_type)
Prune the channels spec to reflect the stream-unification resolution
(docs/research/stream-unification/findings.md): the channels wire format
goes from 9 bytes to 8 bytes, the channels layer no longer carries a
stream_type concept, into_sub_streams() is removed, and TTY always uses
its 5-byte format (carried transparently in the channels payload).

ADR-093 is the umbrella decision (the channels-layer consequence of
ADR-092's BiStream handler leaf): every channel is a BiStream, the
handler owns its sub-stream multiplexing, the channels layer routes by
channel_id only. Amends ADR-071 (8-byte header, no stream_type),
ADR-074 (into_sub_streams removed, accept_bi yields BiStream), reverses
ADR-077 (TTY always 5-byte), and the channels-facing clauses of
ADR-072/073/075/076/080/081. Adds ADR-092 forward-reference note
(into_sub_streams preservation subsequently reversed by ADR-093) and
the missing ADR-092 cross-reference on ADR-070.

Adds OQ-68 (add/strip API shape — built-in vs utility; the contract is
decided in ADR-093, the function surface is open; two-way door, low
priority, decision-ready when the channels crate's implementation
begins).

Rewrites the 7 channels spec docs (README, overview, channels-wire,
channels-connection, channels-adapter, channel-operations, channel-client)
to describe the post-amendment shape as current, with the 8-byte header,
the add/strip composition, single accept_bi accessor, BiStream per
channel, and TTY-always-5-byte.

Touch-up cross-references in hub README, client README, ADR-085, and
the OQ-45/47/65 question files (TTY-internal stream_type 3 →
STREAM_CTRL_IN; channels 9-byte → 8-byte).
2026-07-18 18:10:17 +00:00

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Markdown

# OQ-65: Should WebSocket Carry the Channels Protocol (Not Just the Call Protocol)?
- **Origin**: `docs/architecture/crates/http/websocket.md` (ADR-048
specifies WebSocket carries the native call-protocol session — the
`EventEnvelope` wire format over a WebSocket text/binary frame
stream); `docs/architecture/decisions/086-endpoint-types-and-entry-points.md`
§3 (the web config advertises `alknet/channels` for the
WebSocket-carrying-channels path — a path ADR-048 does not specify).
- **Status**: open
- **Door type**: one-way (this supersedes or extends ADR-048's
"WebSocket carries the native call-protocol session" decision. If
WebSocket carries channels, a browser opens one WebSocket and gets
the full channels substrate — `channel/open`, data-channel ALPNs,
the relay path through the hub — instead of only the call-protocol
session. This is a browser-wire-format one-way door: once browsers
depend on the channels-over-WebSocket framing, changing it is a
breaking change for every browser client.)
- **Priority**: medium (the browser story works without this —
ADR-048's call-protocol-only WebSocket is functional — but
channels-over-WebSocket makes the browser a first-class channels
participant, which simplifies the hub relay and the browser's access
to data-channel ALPNs like TTY and tunnels. The question is whether
the simplification is worth the one-way-door commitment now, or
whether the call-protocol-only path suffices until a concrete
browser-needs-a-data-channel use case arrives.)
- **Impacts**: Does not block the browser path (ADR-048 works). Would
simplify the hub relay (one model, not two) and unblock browser
access to data-channel ALPNs (TTY, tunnels) over a single WebSocket
if resolved to "WebSocket carries channels."
- **Resolution**: Not yet decided. The two options:
**Option A — WebSocket carries call only (ADR-048 unchanged).** The
browser opens a WebSocket and gets a call-protocol session
(`EventEnvelope` over WebSocket frames). Data-channel ALPNs (TTY,
tunnels) are not accessible from the browser — the browser can invoke
call operations but cannot open a `alknet/tty` channel. A browser
needing a TTY would use a separate WebSocket per session, each
carrying the TTY wire format directly (not via `channel/open`).
Simpler; the browser is a call-protocol client, not a channels
client.
**Option B — WebSocket carries channels (extends/supersedes
ADR-048).** The browser opens a WebSocket and gets a channels
connection — the 8-byte chunk format (ADR-071, as amended by ADR-093)
over WebSocket binary frames, with channel 0 as `alknet/call` and
data channels opened via `channel/open`. The browser is a full
channels participant: it can open TTY channels, tunnels, etc. through
the same WebSocket. The hub relay (ADR-079) works unchanged — the
browser leg is a channels connection, same as a native leg. This is
the "browser as channels client" path.
The trade-off: Option B commits to the channels-over-WebSocket
framing as a browser wire format (one-way door), but makes the
browser a first-class channels participant and simplifies the hub
(one relay model, not two). Option A keeps the browser simpler but
means the browser cannot use data-channel ALPNs over the same
connection — each data-channel ALPN needs its own WebSocket and its
own browser-side implementation.
This question is decision-ready when the first browser-needs-a-
data-channel use case arrives (e.g., a browser-based terminal that
needs `alknet/tty` over the hub). Until then, ADR-048's
call-protocol-only path is the implemented browser path, and the
web config advertises `alknet/channels` by default (per ADR-086 §3,
so the hub is ready for Option B if chosen).
Note: this is distinct from the WebTransport path (deferred per
ADR-044). WebTransport, when revived, would carry channels natively
(a WT bidi stream = a channels connection). WebSocket-carrying-
channels is the WebSocket equivalent — same substrate, different
transport. If Option B is chosen, the WebSocket-channels framing
and the WebTransport-channels framing share the channels wire
format (ADR-071); only the transport differs.
- **Cross-references**: ADR-048 (WebSocket carries the native
call-protocol session — the current decision this OQ may supersede
or extend), ADR-071 (channels wire format — the 8-byte chunk format
that would ride over WebSocket binary frames, as amended by ADR-093),
ADR-093 (channels pure channel multiplexing — the umbrella decision),
ADR-079 (hub relay — unchanged if the browser is a channels client),
ADR-086 §3 (the web config advertises `alknet/channels` for this
path), ADR-044 (WebTransport deferred; WebSocket is the v1 browser
path)