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# irpc: Overview and Architecture
## What is irpc?
`irpc` is a **streaming RPC system** built for [iroh](https://docs.rs/iroh) and [noq](https://docs.rs/noq) (QUIC-based transports). It provides a framework for defining RPC protocols in Rust that work identically whether the communication is **in-process** (via tokio channels) or **cross-process/cross-network** (via QUIC streams).
**Key design goals:**
1. **Zero-overhead local use** — When used in-process, irpc should be as lightweight as raw tokio channels, replacing the common pattern of a giant `enum` over an `mpsc` channel with typed backchannels.
2. **Transparent local/remote abstraction** — The same protocol definition and client API works for both in-process and remote communication.
3. **Streaming-first** — Full support for unary RPC, server streaming, client streaming, and bidirectional streaming interaction patterns.
4. **QUIC-native** — Does not abstract over stream types; directly uses noq/iroh QUIC streams, enabling per-request stream tuning (priorities, etc.).
**Non-goals:**
- Cross-language interop (Rust-to-Rust only)
- Versioning (users must handle this themselves)
- Making remote calls look like local async function calls
- Runtime agnosticism (tokio only)
## Crate Structure
```
irpc/
├── src/lib.rs # Core library: traits, channels, Client, RPC module
├── src/util.rs # Varint utilities, noq endpoint setup helpers
├── src/tests.rs # Channel filter/map tests
├── irpc-derive/ # Procedural macro crate (rpc_requests)
├── irpc-iroh/ # Iroh transport integration
├── examples/ # Working examples (storage, compute, derive, local)
└── tests/ # Integration tests (channels, derive)
```
### Features
| Feature | Default | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| `rpc` | ✅ | Enables remote RPC (noq transport, postcard serialization) |
| `derive` | ✅ | Enables the `#[rpc_requests]` macro |
| `spans` | ✅ | Preserves tracing spans across message passing |
| `stream` | ✅ | Enables `into_stream()` on mpsc receivers |
| `noq_endpoint_setup` | ✅ | Utilities to create noq endpoints (testing, localhost) |
| `varint-util` | ❌ | Varint read/write utilities without full RPC |
## High-Level Architecture
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Application │
│ │
│ ┌──────────┐ ┌───────────┐ ┌───────────┐ │
│ │ Client │─────│ Protocol │─────│ Actor/ │ │
│ │<S> │ │ Enum (S) │ │ Handler │ │
│ └────┬─────┘ └───────────┘ └─────┬─────┘ │
│ │ │ │
│ ┌────▼─────────────────────────────────────▼─────┐ │
│ │ WithChannels<I, S> │ │
│ │ ┌────────┐ ┌────────┐ ┌────────┐ ┌─────┐ │ │
│ │ │ inner │ │ tx │ │ rx │ │span │ │ │
│ │ │ (I) │ │(Sender)│ │(Recv) │ │ │ │ │
│ │ └────────┘ └────────┘ └────────┘ └─────┘ │ │
│ └────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
│ │
│ ┌────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ Local Path │ │ Remote Path (rpc feat) │ │
│ │ tokio::mpsc │ │ noq QUIC streams │ │
│ │ tokio::oneshot │ │ postcard serialization │ │
│ └────────────────────┘ └─────────────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```
### Core Flow
1. **Define a protocol** — An enum where each variant represents an RPC method, annotated with `#[rpc(tx=..., rx=...)]`.
2. **The `rpc_requests` macro** generates:
- `Channels<S>` impl for each request type
- A message enum wrapping each request in `WithChannels<I, S>`
- `Service` and `RemoteService` trait implementations
- `From` conversions between request types, protocol enum, and message enum
3. **Client sends messages**`Client<S>` either sends over a local `mpsc` channel or serializes and sends over a QUIC stream.
4. **Actor/handler processes messages** — Matches on the message enum, extracts `WithChannels { inner, tx, rx, .. }`, and uses `tx`/`rx` to communicate back.
## Dependency Graph
```
irpc (core)
├── serde (always)
├── tokio (sync, macros)
├── tokio-util
├── n0-error
├── n0-future
├── postcard (rpc feature)
├── noq (rpc feature)
├── smallvec (rpc feature)
├── tracing (spans feature)
└── irpc-derive (derive feature)
irpc-iroh
├── irpc
├── iroh
├── iroh-base
├── postcard
└── n0-error, n0-future, tokio, tracing, serde
```
## License
Dual-licensed: Apache-2.0 OR MIT